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Plants for Support Endangered Species

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479 plants

American Glasswort

American Glasswort

Salicornia pacifica

critical

perennial herb

Primary food source in coastal salt marsh habitats; critical winter survival food

Bay Area native
Amphibious Bistort

Amphibious Bistort

Persicaria amphibia

critical

perennial herb

Primary larval host plant; critical for wetland populations

Bay Area native
Blue Violet

Blue Violet

Viola adunca

critical

perennial herb

Larval host in wet meadows and seeps

Bay Area native
Bog Orchid

Bog Orchid

Platanthera dilatata

critical

perennial herb

Critical larval host in early season

Bay Area native
Broad-leaved Lupine

Broad-leaved Lupine

Lupinus latifolius var. latifolius

critical

perennial herb

Specialist on lupine hosts, larvae feed on flower buds and foliage

Bay Area native Keystone species
California Aster

California Aster

Symphyotrichum chilense

critical

perennial herb

Critical fall migration fuel source Sep-Nov during southbound migration to Mexico

Bay Area native
California Black Oak

California Black Oak

Quercus kelloggii

critical

tree

Critical acorn consumer Sep-Nov; caches acorns for winter food and aids in oak regeneration

Bay Area native Keystone species
California Buckwheat

California Buckwheat

Eriogonum fasciculatum

critical

shrub

Specialist host plant for larval development

Bay Area native
California Chia

California Chia

Salvia columbariae

critical

annual

Larval host plant for caterpillar development in spring

Bay Area native
California Figwort

California Figwort

Scrophularia californica

critical

perennial herb

Larval hostplant; caterpillars feed on foliage Apr-May; adult nectar source

Bay Area native
California Golden Violet

California Golden Violet

Viola pedunculata

critical

perennial herb

Larvae feed on viola leaves in spring; endemic to California foothills

Bay Area native
California Goldenrod

California Goldenrod

Solidago velutina ssp. californica

critical

perennial herb

Critical fall migration fuel source Sep-Oct during southbound migration to Mexico

Bay Area native Keystone species
California Lilac (Blue Blossom)

California Lilac (Blue Blossom)

Ceanothus thyrsiflorus

critical

shrub

Critical larval host plant; eggs laid Mar-May during bloom

Bay Area native Keystone species
California Milkweed

California Milkweed

Asclepias californica

critical

perennial herb

Critical larval food plant for multiple generations; essential for spring and fall migration populations

Bay Area native
California goldfields

California goldfields

Lasthenia californica

critical

annual

Critical larval food plant for caterpillars in early spring; host plant dependency varies by subspecies and population

Bay Area native
California sunflower

California sunflower

Helianthus californicus

critical

perennial herb

critical nectar source during fall migration staging Sep-Oct

Bay Area native Keystone species
Chaparral Pea

Chaparral Pea

Pickeringia montana var. montana

critical

shrub

Spring larval host, typically monophagous on Pickeringia

Bay Area native
Chinese Houses

Chinese Houses

Collinsia heterophylla

critical

annual

Primary larval host plant; caterpillars feed on foliage in spring

Bay Area native
Coast Indian Paintbrush

Coast Indian Paintbrush

Castilleja affinis subsp. affinis + Diplacus aurantiacus

critical

shrub

Larval host plant; multiple broods utilize plant March-July

Bay Area native
Coast Live Oak

Coast Live Oak

Quercus agrifolia

critical

tree

Primary acorn disperser and cache-maker; critical for oak regeneration Sep-Nov

Bay Area native Keystone species
Coast Range Mule-ears

Coast Range Mule-ears

Wyethia glabra

critical

perennial herb

Larvae feed on foliage in early spring; critical host plant for this subspecies in California

Bay Area native
Coast Redwood

Coast Redwood

Sequoia sempervirens

critical

tree

Requires old-growth coast redwood canopy for nest platforms; April-June breeding season

Bay Area native
Coast Wallflower

Coast Wallflower

Erysimum capitatum

critical

perennial herb

Critical host plant for early season larvae development

Bay Area native
Common Fiddleneck

Common Fiddleneck

Amsinckia menziesii

critical

annual

Primary seed cache food source in coastal sage scrub habitat

Bay Area native
Common Rush

Common Rush

Juncus patens

critical

grass

Critical breeding habitat April-June; dense rush beds provide egg-laying substrate and tadpole refuge

Bay Area native
Common Woolly Sunflower

Common Woolly Sunflower

Eriophyllum lanatum var. achilleoides

critical

perennial herb

Early spring larval development, critical host plant

Bay Area native
Common sunflower

Common sunflower

Helianthus annuus

critical

annual

Critical fall migration nectar Aug-Oct for southbound populations

Bay Area native Keystone species
Coyote Brush

Coyote Brush

Baccharis pilularis

critical

shrub

Critical fall migration staging nectar Sep-Nov

Bay Area native
Coyote Mint

Coyote Mint

Monardella villosa

critical

shrub

Critical fall migration fuel Aug-Sep for southern migration

Bay Area native
Deerweed

Deerweed

Acmispon glaber

critical

shrub

Endangered species; year-round nectar resource critical for population support

Bay Area native
Dense-flower Indian Paintbrush

Dense-flower Indian Paintbrush

Castilleja densiflora subsp. Densiflora

critical

annual

Larval food plant for early spring broods

Bay Area native
Dotseed Plantain

Dotseed Plantain

Plantago erecta

critical

annual

Critical spring host plant; caterpillars develop on young Plantago erecta foliage

Bay Area native
Elegant Clarkia

Elegant Clarkia

Clarkia unguiculata

critical

annual

Larvae feed exclusively on Clarkia foliage Jun-Jul

Bay Area native
Exserted Indian Paintbrush

Exserted Indian Paintbrush

Castilleja exserta subsp. exserta

critical

annual

critical larval food plant for caterpillars in spring emergence

Bay Area native
Facelia

Facelia

Phacelia tanacetifolia

critical

annual

Critical spring forage for California endemic species

Bay Area native
False Babystars

False Babystars

Leptosiphon androsaceus

critical

annual

critical larval host plant; caterpillars feed on foliage in spring

Bay Area native
Glandular Layia

Glandular Layia

Layia glandulosa

critical

perennial herb

Critical larval host plant for spring-emerging butterflies

Bay Area native
Goose-foot Yellow Violet

Goose-foot Yellow Violet

Viola purpurea subsp. quercetorum

critical

perennial herb

Host plant for larval development in oak woodland habitats

Bay Area native
Gray Pine

Gray Pine

Pinus sabiniana

critical

tree

Primary seed dispersal agent; caches pine nuts for overwinter food storage Sep-Nov

Bay Area native Keystone species
Hairy gumplant

Hairy gumplant

Grindelia hirsutula

critical

perennial herb

Critical fall migration fuel source during southbound migration (Aug-Oct)

Bay Area native
Hind's Black Walnut

Hind's Black Walnut

Juglans hindsii

critical

tree

Primary mast crop harvested Sept-Nov, critical cache food for winter survival

Bay Area native
Imbricate Phacelia

Imbricate Phacelia

Phacelia imbricata var. imbricata

critical

perennial herb

Key host plant for larval development in California populations

Bay Area native
Indian Warrior

Indian Warrior

Pedicularis densiflora

critical

perennial herb

Primary larval host plant; caterpillars feed on foliage in spring months

Bay Area native
Inland Saltgrass

Inland Saltgrass

Distichlis spicata

critical

grass

Critical year-round food in saline and alkaline wetlands where this species specializes

Bay Area native
Interior Goldenbush

Interior Goldenbush

Ericameria linearifolia

critical

shrub

Critical larval food plant; caterpillars feed on foliage in spring

Bay Area native
Lady Fern

Lady Fern

Athyrium filix-femina var. cyclosorum

critical

fern

Critical refugium in moist woodland margins; provides cover during breeding and overwintering

Bay Area native
Madrone

Madrone

Arbutus menziesii

critical

tree

Primary food source Sep-Nov during migration; critical staging fuel

Bay Area native Keystone species
Mulefat

Mulefat

Baccharis salicifolia

critical

shrub

Critical fall migration fuel source Sep-Oct during southbound migration to overwintering sites

Bay Area native
Naked Buckwheat

Naked Buckwheat

Eriogonum nudum var. auriculatum

critical

perennial herb

Primary larval host plant; critical for arid population survival

Bay Area native
Narrow-leaf Milkweed

Narrow-leaf Milkweed

Asclepias fascicularis

critical

perennial herb

Critical larval host plant throughout CA growing season Jun-Sep; spring/fall migration staging resource

Bay Area native
Oregon White Oak

Oregon White Oak

Quercus garryana

critical

tree

Critical acorn caching and consumption Sep-Feb; disperses acorns through scatter-hoarding behavior

Bay Area native Keystone species
Pacific Black-snakeroot

Pacific Black-snakeroot

Sanicula crassicaulis

critical

perennial herb

Host plant for larvae, species-specific relationship

Bay Area native
Pacific stonecrop

Pacific stonecrop

Sedum spathulifolium

critical

perennial herb

Host plant for butterfly larvae; early spring caterpillar development

Bay Area native
Pioneer Violet

Pioneer Violet

Viola glabella

critical

perennial herb

Primary larval host plant; caterpillars feed on viola leaves in spring

Bay Area native
Puget Balsamroot

Puget Balsamroot

Balsamorhiza deltoidea

critical

perennial herb

Larval host plant for caterpillars

Bay Area native
Purple Needlegrass

Purple Needlegrass

Stipa pulchra

critical

grass

Nesting habitat critical Apr-Jul in native grasslands

Bay Area native
Rubber Rabbitbrush

Rubber Rabbitbrush

Ericameria nauseosa

critical

perennial herb

Primary winter browse; critical component of winter diet in sagebrush-steppe habitats

Bay Area native
Santa Rosa Horkelia

Santa Rosa Horkelia

Horkelia tenuiloba

critical

perennial herb

primary larval host plant for copper butterfly development

Bay Area native
Seaside Heliotrope

Seaside Heliotrope

Heliotropium curassavicum

critical

perennial herb

Critical host plant for monarch caterpillars during spring-fall migration periods; essential for population maintenance

Bay Area native
Showy milkweed

Showy milkweed

Asclepias speciosa

critical

perennial herb

Essential larval food plant for multiple generations; critical during spring northward migration (Feb-Apr) and fall southward migration (Aug-Oct)

Bay Area native
Silver bush lupine

Silver bush lupine

Lupinus albifrons

critical

shrub

Primary larval host plant for early spring broods

Bay Area native Keystone species
Sky Lupine

Sky Lupine

Lupinus nanus

critical

annual

Caterpillar host plant; critical for population persistence in coastal areas

Bay Area native Keystone species
Small Flowered Melica

Small Flowered Melica

Melica imperfecta

critical

grass

primary seed cache component in California grasslands

Bay Area native
Sonoma Mountain Pride

Sonoma Mountain Pride

Penstemon newberryi var. sonomensis

critical

perennial herb

Caterpillars feed on plant foliage in spring, critical host plant for population persistence

Bay Area native
Sticky Chinese Houses

Sticky Chinese Houses

Collinsia tinctoria

critical

annual

Caterpillars feed on foliage in spring before pupation; critical early season host plant

Bay Area native
Sulfur Buckwheat

Sulfur Buckwheat

Eriogonum umbellatum var. bahiiforme

critical

perennial herb

Primary larval host plant; caterpillars feed on flower buds and developing inflorescences

Bay Area native
Valley Oak

Valley Oak

Quercus lobata

critical

tree

Primary acorn harvesting and caching Sep-Nov; critical for winter survival

Bay Area native Keystone species
Western goldenrod

Western goldenrod

Euthamia occidentalis

critical

perennial herb

Critical fall migration fuel source Sep-Oct during southbound migration to overwintering sites

Bay Area native
Woolypod milkweed

Woolypod milkweed

Asclepias eriocarpa

critical

perennial herb

Critical larval foodplant for multiple generations; adults also nectar on flowers

Bay Area native
Yarrow

Yarrow

Achillea millefolium

critical

perennial herb

Critical fall migration fuel source Sep-Oct during southbound migration to Mexico

Bay Area native
Yellow Bush Penstemon

Yellow Bush Penstemon

Keckiella antirrhinoides

critical

perennial herb

Nominal subspecies; primary host plant in coastal California populations

Bay Area native
Yerba Santa

Yerba Santa

Eriodictyon californicum

critical

shrub

Obligate host plant; regional populations depend on plant availability

Bay Area native
Alkali Seaheath

Alkali Seaheath

Frankenia salina

critical

perennial herb

Parasitic host relationship; primary nutrient source

Big Sagebrush

Big Sagebrush

Artemisia tridentata

critical

perennial herb

Primary diet component year-round; critical winter forage when other foods unavailable

Keystone species
Blue Bush Lupine

Blue Bush Lupine

Lupinus propinquus

critical

perennial herb

specialist caterpillar host plant for spring brood development

Keystone species
Buttonbush

Buttonbush

Cephalanthus occidentalis

critical

perennial herb

Critical fall migration fuel source Aug-Oct; spring breeding population Apr-Jun

California Nutmeg

California Nutmeg

Torreya californica

critical

perennial herb

Consumes and caches nutmeg seeds as food source; critical seed dispersal agent

Canyon Sunflower

Canyon Sunflower

Venegasia carpesioides

critical

perennial herb

Primary larval host plant; caterpillars feed on foliage in spring

Chaparral Yucca

Chaparral Yucca

Hesperoyucca whipplei

critical

perennial herb

Critical pollinator; larvae develop within yucca fruit; obligate mutualist with Hesperoyucca whipplei

Fern-leaved Lomatium

Fern-leaved Lomatium

Lomatium dissectum

critical

perennial herb

Primary larval host plant for specialized populations in western foothills

Graceful Cinquefoil

Graceful Cinquefoil

Potentilla gracilis

critical

perennial herb

Critical fall migration fuel, August-October

Heart leaved keckiella

Heart leaved keckiella

Keckiella cordifolia

critical

shrub

Host plant for caterpillar development in spring; critical during larval feeding period

Island Bush Snapdragon

Island Bush Snapdragon

Galvezia speciosa

critical

shrub

Primary habitat component for this endemic species; nesting and cover

Leafy Reed Grass

Leafy Reed Grass

Calamagrostis foliosa

critical

perennial herb

Dense reed cover essential for concealment and breeding habitat in coastal marshes

Old Man's Whiskers

Old Man's Whiskers

Geum triflorum

critical

perennial herb

Critical early spring nectar when few flowers available

Purple Haze California Aster

Purple Haze California Aster

Aster chilensis 'Purple Haze'

critical

perennial herb

critical fall migration fuel source Sep-Oct during southbound migration

Purple sage

Purple sage

Salvia leucophylla

critical

shrub

Critical migration nectar source Aug-Oct and Mar-Apr

Royal Penstemon

Royal Penstemon

Penstemon speciosus

critical

perennial herb

Historical larval host designation; caterpillar development in spring

San Diego Sedge

San Diego Sedge

Carex spissa

critical

perennial herb

uses dense sedge stands in coastal marshes for nesting cover and foraging habitat

Scrub Oak

Scrub Oak

Quercus dumosa

critical

perennial herb

Primary host plant; larvae defoliate foliage April-June

Keystone species
Seacliff buckwheat

Seacliff buckwheat

Eriogonum parvifolium

critical

shrub

larvae feed exclusively on buckwheat flowers and developing seeds

Western marsh rosemary

Western marsh rosemary

Limonium californicum

critical

perennial herb

Dense marsh vegetation provides essential nesting and escape cover in coastal salt marshes; critical habitat structure

Alameda Manzanita

Alameda Manzanita

Arctostaphylos pallida

high

shrub

Larval host plant; caterpillars feed on manzanita foliage in spring

Bay Area native Keystone species
American Bulrush

American Bulrush

Schoenoplectus americanus

high

grass

Winter foraging in tule marshes; key overwinter food resource

Bay Area native
American Cow-parsnip

American Cow-parsnip

Heracleum maximum

high

perennial herb

Important nectar source for migration fuel; used during spring northward migration Mar-May

Bay Area native
American-hemp

American-hemp

Apocynum cannabinum

high

perennial herb

Critical larval host plant for California populations; caterpillars feed on milkweed family plants including A. cannabinum

Bay Area native
Arroyo Willow

Arroyo Willow

Salix lasiolepis

high

shrub

Caterpillars feed on willow leaves during spring emergence

Bay Area native Keystone species
Balsam Poplar

Balsam Poplar

Populus trichocarpa

high

tree

Tall trees preferred for nest sites; nesting December-July in California riparian habitat

Bay Area native Keystone species
Beach Saltbush

Beach Saltbush

Atriplex leucophylla

high

perennial herb

Multiple generations per year; larvae feed on plant foliage

Bay Area native
Beach Sand-spurrey

Beach Sand-spurrey

Spergularia macrotheca var. macrotheca

high

perennial herb

insects attracted to plant provide invertebrate prey base

Bay Area native
Bearberry Honeysuckle

Bearberry Honeysuckle

Lonicera involucrata var. ledebourii

high

shrub

Larval host plant for California populations

Bay Area native
Bearbind

Bearbind

Calystegia sepium subsp. limnophila

high

vine

Critical nectar source for spring and fall migrations through California; fueling for long-distance movement

Bay Area native
Big Leaf Sedge

Big Leaf Sedge

Carex amplifolia

high

perennial herb

nests in dense sedge marshes March-July, uses culms for nest construction

Bay Area native
Big Squirreltail

Big Squirreltail

Elymus multisetus

high

grass

Primary seed forager in coastal sage scrub and grassland habitats where Elymus occurs

Bay Area native
Big-leaf Maple

Big-leaf Maple

Acer macrophyllum

high

tree

Seed collection and storage Sep-Nov

Bay Area native Keystone species
Bigcone Pine

Bigcone Pine

Pinus coulteri

high

tree

Larvae feed on pine needles spring-early summer; adults emerge mid-summer

Bay Area native Keystone species
Bishop Pine

Bishop Pine

Pinus muricata

high

perennial herb

Feeds on bishop pine seeds and creates seed caches; facilitates natural regeneration through scatter-hoarding

Bay Area native Keystone species
Bleeding-heart

Bleeding-heart

Dicentra formosa

high

perennial herb

Larvae feed on Dicentra formosa leaves in spring; single generation per year

Bay Area native
Blue Field Gilia

Blue Field Gilia

Gilia capitata

high

annual

Critical spring migration fuel (northbound) and fall pre-migration energy source (southbound)

Bay Area native
Blue Flax

Blue Flax

Linum lewisii

high

perennial herb

Larval host plant; endemic California species in semi-arid regions

Bay Area native
Blue Witch

Blue Witch

Solanum umbelliferum

high

shrub

Spring bloom nectar source

Bay Area native
Blue oak

Blue oak

Quercus douglasii

high

tree

Cache and consume acorns; important seed dispersal agent Sep-Nov

Bay Area native Keystone species
Bog Lupine

Bog Lupine

Lupinus polyphyllus

high

perennial herb

larval host plant for caterpillars

Bay Area native Keystone species
Bottlebrush Squirreltail

Bottlebrush Squirreltail

Elymus elymoides var. elymoides

high

grass

Larval food plant during active growing season

Bay Area native
Brewer's Ragwort

Brewer's Ragwort

Packera breweri

high

perennial herb

Larvae feed on foliage in spring; critical host plant for caterpillar development

Bay Area native
Brittleleaf Manzanita

Brittleleaf Manzanita

Arctostaphylos crustacea subsp. crustacea

high

shrub

Year-round shelter and browse in dense manzanita thickets

Bay Area native Keystone species
Brownhead Rush

Brownhead Rush

Juncus phaeocephalus var. phaeocephalus

high

perennial herb

nesting season diet; uses dense rush stands for cover and nesting substrate in wetland margins

Bay Area native
Buckbrush

Buckbrush

Ceanothus cuneatus var. cuneatus

high

shrub

larval host plant, caterpillars feed on young leaves May-June

Bay Area native Keystone species
Bush Seepweed

Bush Seepweed

Suaeda nigra

high

perennial herb

Multiple generations; larvae feed on halophytic plants including Suaeda species in alkaline habitats

Bay Area native
Butterfly Mariposa Lily

Butterfly Mariposa Lily

Calochortus venustus

high

geophyte

Larvae feed on bulb leaves in spring during development

Bay Area native

Too many plants fit these criteria to show them all. Describe your yard to get more tailored results.